EYES, EARS AND NOSES
It has been said that "the eyes are the windows of the soul," and indeed they do express a _something_ that is not possible to any other part of the face or body. When unrestrained the eye correctly portrays the innermost feelings and emotions affecting and influencing us, and in many cases we are able to get a clear and unobstructed view of the soul behind the eyes by gazing into them. But, alas! it is possible to mask the expression of the eyes, and to counterfeit emotions and feelings which do not exist within the mind. Men and women trained in the arts of dissimulation and concealment, may, and do, conceal their thoughts and feelings which ordinarily would be reflected in their eyes; and many, especially women, are able to counterfeit feelings which have no real existence in their minds or souls. We have seen women bestowing upon the unsuspecting "mere man," the most artless, ingenuous "baby stare," while at the same time their minds were filled with craft and cunning. We have seen others whose eyes portrayed the most absolute innocence and truth, while their hearts were filled with selfish, base feelings, and their minds with cunning schemes. The trained diplomat and skilled gambler successfully mask their thoughts, and their eyes reflect nothing of their secrets; and, upon occasion, they are able to throw into their eyes any desired expression. The best authorities on Physiognomy hold that the mouth is a much more reliable index of thought and character than the eye--for the eye may lie, while the mouth betrays itself even when attempting the counterfeit.
But, nevertheless, the eyes _do_ betray character, not by their expression but by their shape and form. Habitual mental states reflect in the outer form of the eyes, in spite of the care of their owners not to let them tell the secret of the thought and feeling of the moment. The story is told _not by the expression_ of the eye, but by the muscles surrounding the eyes, the eye-lids, etc. In fact, the _eye-lids_ supply the greater part of that which we call the "expression of the eye," their contractions and relaxations producing the effect.
_Secretiveness, cunning, and closeness_ are denoted by closely drawn eye-lids, a furtive look often being imparted thereby. This position of the eye-lids has been likened to an instinctive inclination to draw the eye-lids together to hide the expression of the eye, but it probably arises from the original trait of the animal to protect his eyes from attack when engaging in a fight, or raid. As an instance of this, it will be found that a feeling of cruelty, or desire to hurt another, will manifest in a compression of the eye-lids, and a tightening of the upper eyelid which assumes a straight form. _Frankness, truthfulness and honesty_ are, in the same way, indicated by open, free looking eyes. This expression may be counterfeited upon occasions, but the counterfeit may be detected by observing the eyes when the owner is off guard.
The _fighting, destructive, motive feelings_ are indicated by _straight lines_ of the lids. _Affection, benevolence, sympathy, and love_, manifest in curving, drooping, full eye-lids, the absence of straight lines being marked. _Amativeness and Alimentiveness_ show in very thick eye-lids, giving a sensual gross expression to the eyes. _Destructiveness_ manifests in a tightening of the upper lid, and a bearing down upon the eyeball. _Approbativeness_ gives a peculiar "coquettish" relaxation of the upper eye-lid, which is suggestive of the desire to wink in a meaning manner. _Humor_ gives a peculiar contraction to the eye-lids, and at the same time producing the little lines radiating from each outer corner of the eye-lids--the "laughing wrinkles." _Ideality, Optimism, and Mysticism_ impart an open expression to the eyes. _Cautiousness_, when large, also gives to the eyes an open, almost startled, surprised expression.
_Large, protruding eyes_ are held to be indicative of wordiness, talkativeness, and lack of careful thought--the desire to talk for the pleasure of hearing oneself talk.
In connection with the subject of the outer form manifesting in the eyes, we would call your attention to the quotation from Prof. O. S. Fowler, appearing in Lesson XIII, in which he speaks of certain of the Perceptive Qualities which indicate in outer form in the region of the eye, as follows: "The shape of the eyebrows reveals the size, absolute and relative, of each, thus: When _all_ are large, the eyebrow is long and arching; when all are deficient, it is long and straight; when some are large and others small, it arches over the large ones, but passes horizontally over those which are small. This rule is infallible." In connection therewith, we suggest that the student re-read carefully Chapter XIII, which deals with the Perceptive Qualities which manifest outer form in the region of the eye.
EARS
Many physiognomists pass lightly over the subject of the ears as an index of character, while others seem to specialize on this feature.
The _round ear_ is held to indicate the Vital Temperament. The _oblong ear_, the Motive Temperament; and the _pear-shaped ear_ the Mental Temperament.
_Quality_ is held to be indicated by the relative delicateness in the moulding of the ear, a coarse, misshapen ear being held to indicate an uncultivated nature; while a delicately moulded, shapely ear is held to indicate culture and refinement.
A _long, narrow ear_ is held to indicate an ambitious, striving nature. An ear _pointed at the tip_ (upper part) is held to be indicative of selfishness and general "foxiness."
NOSES
All physiognomists agree upon the importance of the nose as an index of character. The majority of people recognize the sign of a large, strong nose, on the one hand, and a small, weak nose on the other.
[Illustration: FIG. 21 A, ROMAN; B, GRECIAN; C, CHERUBIC]
In Fig. 21 we see the three general forms of the nose, the Roman; Grecian and Cherubic; respectively. The _Roman nose_ is held to be indicative of Self-Esteem, Combativeness, Destructiveness and Acquisitiveness. The _Grecian nose_ is held to be indicative of Ideality, Conscientiousness, Reverence and other "higher qualities." The _Cherubic nose_ is held to be indicative of feminine qualities, social attractiveness, and emotional qualities. There are of course innumerable modifications and combinations of these three general classes.
[Illustration: FIG. 22 THREE TEMPERAMENTS]
In Fig. 22 we see the classification adopted by some authorities, who divide the nose into three general parts, each of which is held to indicate one of the three Temperaments, and the Qualities which are related to each. Thus the hard bony part, including the bridge, indicates the Motive; the tip and end, the Mental; and the "wings" on each side of the nostrils, the Vital. There is much truth in this classification, and a careful study of this illustration will aid the student in his understanding of noses as an outer sign of character. In fact, this illustration may be used as a basis for the whole subject of the meaning of noses as outer signs of character.
Large nostrils indicate strong Vitativeness and physical well-being, and often strong Emotive Qualities. Narrow, small, or tight nostrils indicate weak Vitativeness and Vital Force. An authority says: "If the nostrils are wide-apart, the man is merciful. If the nostrils are wide-open, like those of a bull, resemblances to that animal prevail in violent wrath and hard breathing."
The tip of the nose indicates the several mental qualities. The sharp pointed tip indicates an inquisitive, prying, investigating nature--a general "sharpness" so to speak. A blunt tip indicates a lack of "sharpness" and inquisitiveness. The upturned tip, or "pug," indicates a trifling, superficial, gossiping tendency. As a general rule the sharp tip indicates thought, while the rounded tip indicates feeling.
The bony part of the nose, when prominent, indicates the strength of the Motive Qualities, such as Combativeness, Destructiveness, Acquisitiveness, Constructiveness, etc. It generally accompanies the people who push forward and "do things" in spite of obstacles--it is the nose of the great generals, and the majority of great financiers.